2型糖尿病并发大血管病变的危险因素分析与自我管理

探讨2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的相关危险致病因素, 以期指导制定自我管理方案. 采用回顾性病例-对照研究方法, 选2型糖尿病患者85例, 根据是否合并大血管病变, 分为单纯2型糖尿病组(T2DM组, n=41)及合并大血管病变组(T2DM+MV组, n=44), 选同期的40例非糖尿病患者作为对照, 比较各组患者的一般资料及入院时的血压、血清镁、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血脂水平等参数. 结果表明 糖尿病病程(比值比(OR)=1.268, 95%置信区间(CI) 1.076~1.496)、空腹血糖(OR=2.147, 95% CI 1.167~3.949)及糖化血红蛋白水平(OR=4.936, 95% CI 1.575~15.470)是2型糖尿病患者并发大血管病变的独立危险因素, 而血清镁水平则是独立保护性因素(OR=0.001, 95% CI 0.000~0.014). 同时表明, 在2型糖尿病早期自我管理中, 积极控制血糖及维持血清镁在较高水平是预防大血管病变的有效途径.     

Highly efficient regioselective ring openings of N-tosylaziridines to haloamines using ferric(Ⅲ) halides

FeX3（X = Cl, Br） were found to be very effective reagents and powerful catalysts for regioselective ring openings of a variety of N-tosylaziridines with them to afford the corresponding b-haloamines in good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity under mild conditions. At the same time, 13 new compounds were obtained firstly. Moreover, the b-bromoamine prepared could be transferred into b-nitroamine with NaNO2 in moderate yield.     

Stevia rebaudiana targeting α-amylase: An in-vitro and in-silico mechanistic study

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the fastest growing metabolic disorder in the world. Recently, more attention is paid to the study of natural products due to side effects of synthetic drugs. Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is considered an encouraging starting point for the antidiabetic lead development. In the present study, the in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity of the extracts of S. rebaudiana is investigated. In order to understand the molecular mechanism and future pharmacophore development, in silico study of secondary metabolites isolated from S. rebaudiana was carried out. Results indicated that water extract shows highest α-amylase inhibitory activity as compared to other extracts. Moreover, compound 20 (rebaudioside A) which has been previously reported and isolated from water extract showed the impressive binding profile with α-amylase. Therefore, our study suggests that S. rebaudiana could be used in the development of therapeutic drugs for the treatment of diabetes.     

抗癌新药德氮吡格及其衍生物的定量构效关系

按氢分类的分子电性距离矢量（Hydrogen-association classified molecular electronegafivity-distance vector,H-MEDV）是由4种类型原子间的相互作用得到的一种描述分子二维结构的拓扑描述子.本文根据H-MEDV来研究创新构型抗肿瘤药物德氮吡格（TNBG）及其衍生物活性与其结构之间的关系,利用多元线性回归和逐步回归,建立的4变量模型的相关系数R=0.862.对筛选后建立的模型用留一法交互检验的结果为Rcv=0.713,结果表明模型具有较好的预测能力和稳定性.     

由季戊四醇合成季戊四硫醇的新方法

以季戊四醇为原料,先合成四对甲苯磺酸季戊四醇酯,然后四对甲苯磺酸季戊四醇酯与硫氰酸钾在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中加热反应,生成了2,3,7,8-四硫螺[4,4]壬烷,2,3,7,8-四硫螺[4,4]壬烷经四氢化铝锂还原、酸化,得到季戊四硫醇.产物结构经熔点、红外光谱、质子核磁共振谱、拉曼光谱鉴定.     

The MAP/PH/N retrial queue in a random environment

We consider the MAP/PH/N retrial queue with a finite number of sources operating in a finite state Markovian random environment. Two different types of multi-dimensional Markov chains are investigated describing the behavior of the system based on state space arrangements. The special features of the two formulations are discussed. The algorithms for calculating the stationary state probabilities are elaborated, based on which the main performance measures are obtained, and numerical examples are presented as well.     

Cross section of the impact single ionization of B2＋ by H＋

The ionization process of B2+ by H+ impact is studied using the continuum-distorted-wave eikonal-initial-state (CDW-EIS) method and the modified free electron peak approximation (M-FEPA), respectively. Total, single-, and double- differential cross sections from 1s and 2s orbitals are presented for the energy range from 10 keV/u to 10 MeV/u. Comparison between the results from the two methods demonstrates that the total and single-differential cross sections for the high-energy incident projectile case can be well evaluated using the simple M-FEPA model. Moreover, the M-FEPA model reproduces the essential features of the binary-encounter (BE) bump in the double-differential cross sections. Thus, the BE ionization mechanism is discussed in detail by adopting the M-FEPA model. In particular, the double- and single-differential cross sections from the 2s orbital show a high-energy hip, which is different from those from the 1s orbital. Based on Ref. [1], the Compton profiles of B2+ for 1s and 2s orbitals are given, and the hips in DDCS and SDCS from the 2s orbital are explained.     

Validated LC‐MS method for simultaneous quantitation of catalpol and harpagide in rat plasma: application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and diabetic rats after oral administration of Zeng‐Ye‐Decoction

A simple and efficient liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantitation of catalpol and harpagide in normal and diabetic rat plasma. Protein precipitation extraction with acetonitrile was carried out using salidroside as the internal standard (IS). The LC separation was performed on an Elite C₁₈ column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water within a runtime of 12.0 min. The analytes were detected without endogenous interference in the selected ion monitoring mode with positive electrospray ionization. Calibration curves offered satisfactory linearity (r > 0.99) at linear range of 0.05–50.0 µg/mL for catalpol and 0.025–5.0 µg/mL for harpagide with the lower limits of quantitation of 0.05 and 0.025 µg/mL, respectively. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (RSD) were <9.4%, and accuracy (RE) was in the ?6.6 to 4.9% range. The extraction efficiencies of catalpol, harpagide and IS were all >76.5% and the matrix effects of the analytes ranged from 86.5 to 106.0%. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of catalpol and harpagide after oral administration of Zeng‐Ye‐Decoction to normal and diabetic rats, respectively. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An effective and rapid determination by MALDI/TOF/TOF of methionine sulphoxide content of ApoA‐I in type 2 diabetic patients

Increased oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is characteristic of atherosclerosis. In this frame, high density lipoproteins (HDL) play an important role, being able to remove lipid peroxides (LPOs) and cholesterol from oxidized LDL, so exhibiting a protective role against atherosclerosis. A wide range of reactive compounds lead to the oxidation of methionine (Met) residues with the formation of methionine sulphoxide (MetO) in apolipoprotein A‐I (ApoA‐I). Consequently, the determination of MetO level can give both an evaluation of oxidative stress and the reduced capability of ApoA‐I in LPOs and cholesterol transport. For these reasons, the development of analytical methods able to determine the MetO level is surely of interest, and we report here the results obtained by MALDI mass spectrometry. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Studies on the Molecular Chain Conformation Stability of Aminated Konjac Glucomannan

Konjac glucomannan （KGM） was aminated by 2-chloroethyl-amine （CEA） as reagent so as to study the influence of concentration of CEA （based on the amount of KGM）, concentration of NaOH, reaction time and temperature on the extent of amination. And the molecular simulation technology was adopted to analyze the conformation stability of aminate （AKGM）. The results indicate that when the amount of CEA is higher, the extent of amination is higher. The optimum concentration of NaOH, reaction time and temperature are 10% NaOH, 70 ℃ and 45 rain, respectively. IR shows KGM is successfully aminated. The conformation of AKGM is in a random clew-like shape.